Abstract

Selective membrane dehumidification is a promising technology for energy efficient air dehumidification in buildings and has been ranked as a top alternative technology by the Department of Energy. One critical area that needs to be addressed is system modeling that incorporates device mass transfer characteristics and sizing. This work develops, validates, and applies a simple effectiveness-number of transfer units (πœ€βˆ’π‘TU) modeling framework for dehumidification technologies that can be used to predict performance and determine required membrane area for a wide range of technologies, including energy recovery ventilators, vacuum membrane dehumidification, and desiccant dehumidifiers. Although the πœ€βˆ’π‘TU method is a well-established framework for sizing and modeling heat exchangers, past attempts to create πœ€L βˆ’ 𝑁Tπ‘ˆ L (meaning πœ€βˆ’π‘TU for latent loads) models for dehumidification (referred to as latent cooling): (1) don’t agree on the definition of 𝑁Tπ‘ˆ L, (2) are not fully analogous to the heat transfer definition of 𝑁TU, (3) cannot be easily applied across all technologies, (4) use humidity ratio, not vapor pressure, as the driving force, and (5) are often complex or lack a fundamental basis. In this work, we develop an effectiveness-NTU model for membrane humidity exchangers that is based on vapor pressure differences, employs a novel definition of the latent number of transfer units for dehumidification applications (𝑁Tπ‘ˆ L) and is fully analogous to the heat transfer effectiveness-NTU models employed for sensible heat exchangers. The resulting πœ€Lβˆ’π‘Tπ‘ˆ L relationships are validated against experimental data with a maximum error of 1.2%. The overall methodology is applied in case studies for vacuum membrane dehumidification system sizing showing that the ratio of required membrane area per building floor area ranges between 0.1 to 3.5 depending on the building type and operating conditions. Finally, the framework is further generalized for applicability to any gas separation application.

Comments

This is the author-accepted manuscript of Fix, AJ; Braun, JE; Warsinger, DM. (2023) "A general effectiveness-NTU modeling framework for membrane dehumidification systems." Applied Thermal Engineering, 236 Part B. Published by Elsevier, it's made available here CC-BY-NC-ND, and the version of record can be found at DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.121514 .

Keywords

membrane, dehumidification, effectiveness, mass transfer, efficiency, gas separation

Date of this Version

9-5-2023

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