Conceptualizing social classes: A relational perspective for the demarcation of classes in El Salvador

Gladys Cristina Rivas, Purdue University

Abstract

This dissertation examines the conceptualization of classes in El Salvador from a relational perspective. Classes are the motor of history; their role is of primary importance in the analysis of social change. Commonly, gradational categories are used in demarcating social groups. However, these categories pose strong theoretical limitations since they are not, in their essence, connected to the cleavages inherent to the capitalist systems of production. Being interested in political public opinion surveys in El Salvador, I found no studies using a class relational perspective. Therefore, the main purpose of this project was to develop relational categories of classes, and to underline their superiority over gradational typologies. Wright's empirical work on social classes in the U.S. enlightened the development of this project. The risk of a mechanical application of concepts from one context to another was taken into consideration. I prepared and wrote a survey questionnaire focused on the social context of San Salvador city. Based on the data analysis, I proposed a relational class map that identifies not only intermediate classes but also includes the Salvadoran capitalist class, which has not been surveyed before in public opinion studies. Furthermore, and a new class was added: the autonomous workers. In conclusion, relational classes were found to have greater explanatory power in the analysis of class interests.

Degree

Ph.D.

Advisors

Gottfried, Purdue University.

Subject Area

Social structure|Latin American history

COinS