Expression and inheritance of resistance of wheat to specific biotypes and Moroccan populations of Hessian fly
Abstract
Losses of up to 100% in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf.) production due to Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor, (Say)) damage have been observed. The expression of resistance to this insect is affected by cultivar, biotype and temperature. Therefore, there is a need to search for new genes for resistance that are effective in the field against the prevalent biotypes. The objectives if this study were to: (1) conduct genetic analyses of a plant selection from each of two durum wheat introductions, PI 428435 (plant selection -2-2L) and PI 422297 (plant selection -1-1L) to biotype D of Hessian fly, (2) determine the number of genes in wheat cultivar Javardo and their allelic relationship to genes H5 and H11 under natural field infestations in Morocco, (3) evaluate the resistance of 11 introductions to biotypes B, D, and L and to examine the expression of resistance of these wheat lines to biotype D at three temperatures. The test cross data showed that a single dominant gene controls the resistance of PI 428435-2-2L, whereas two genes control the resistance of PI 422297-1-1L. Additionally, the gene in PI 428435 and one gene in PI 422297 were not allelic to any of the previously identified genes for resistance to biotype D. These newly identified genes were assigned the gene symbols H17 and H19, respectively. Gene H17 is linked to H9 and/or H10, therefore H17 is located on chromosome 5A. The other gene in PI 422297 is either tightly linked, or allelic to H16, or is H16. The resistance of Javardo is under the control of a single partially dominant gene when tested to natural field infestations of Hessian fly in Morocco. This gene, although not completely effective, is different from genes H5 and H11. The genes H7H8 were effective against Hessian fly populations in the Tadla Plain. All of the 11 lines tested to biotypes B, D, And L were resistant under greenhouse conditions. Nearly 100% of the tested plants of the five durum wheat lines Portugal 2536, Portugal 2852, Rebeiro, BD3431 and IN 8464 (H5), were resistant at 19, 23, and 26$\sp\circ$C.
Degree
Ph.D.
Advisors
Ohm, Purdue University.
Subject Area
Agronomy
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