The effects of glyphosate, sulphosate and glufosinate alone and with two ammonium salts on yellow (Cyperus esculentus L.) and purple (C. rotundus L.) nutsedge

Arlene Marie Turmail, Purdue University

Abstract

Glyphosate, sulphosate, and glufosinate were applied to shoots of eight week old yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) and purple nutsedge (C. rotundus L.) plants with mature tubers present. Yellow nutsedge shoot fresh weights (regrowth from mother plants) were reduced significantly less with glyphosate at the 12 and 24 h times of shoot removal than did sulphosate and glufosinate. Sprouting of yellow nutsedge tubers (stratified, separated and replanted in the greenhouse) was greater for glufosinate than for glyphosate or sulphosate. Glyphosate provided significantly less reduction of purple nutsedge shoot fresh weights at the 48 and 72 h intervals of top removal than did sulphosate and glufosinate. Sprouting of purple nutsedge tubers was greater for glufosinate and glyphosate than for sulphosate up to 96 h. Yellow nutsedge shoot fresh weight regrowth from mother plants conditioned at 21 C was not reduced with 0.42 kg/ha of any herbicide treatment, while at 32 C, shoot fresh weights were reduced compared to the control. Sprouting of yellow nutsedge tubers was greater for glyphosate and glufosinate than for sulphosate. At 32 C, sprouting was reduced by glyphosate and sulphosate similar to values observed in the greenhouse study. At doses of 0.5 kg/ha, fresh weight of purple nutsedge shoots were reduced similarly at 48 and 72 h by all herbicide treatments at 21 C, while at 24 h, fresh weights of shoots were reduced less with glyphosate than with sulphosate or glufosinate at 32 C. Sprouting of purple nutsedge tubers was greater with all herbicide treatments at 21 C, while at 32 C, sulphosate reduced tuber sprouting significantly less than glyphosate and glufosinate.

Degree

Ph.D.

Advisors

Jordan, Purdue University.

Subject Area

Botany

COinS