INHERITANCE AND EXPRESSION OF HESSIAN FLY RESISTANCE IN VARIOUS WHEAT LINES (HOST PLANT, GENE-FOR-GENE, BREEDING, MAYETICLA DESTRUCTOR (SAY))
Abstract
The Hessian fly Mayetiola destructor (Say) has been the most serious insect pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) in the United States. The potential development of new biotypes places a constant pressure on plant breeders to locate new genes for resistance. Several resistant wheat lines were analyzed in this study. ELS 6404-160-5 (CI 17 647) durum wheat (A and B genome) was found to have two independent dominant or partially dominant genes for biotype D and B resistance. In this study, these genes segregated independently of the other A and B genome genes for biotype D resistance. Since H13 is derived from the D genome, independence is assumed. Based upon these results, the tentative gene designations of H14 and H15 were made. Both genes are resistant to biotype L, but H15 appears to be susceptible to biotype C as is H9. Retesting should be done at the single gene level. Oued-Zenati 368 (PI 362 227) durum wheat was found to have two independent factors for biotype D resistance. The line did not segregate with ELS 6404-160-5 but may have at least one new factor. Giorgio 331 (CI 15 108) and Gerardo 592 (PI 367 215) have a single common factor, that is probably the H5 gene. Marquillo (CI 06 887) common wheat was found to have a single recessive to partially dominant gene for biotype D resistance. This factor segregated independently of the H12 gene. It was concluded that the Marquillo resistance is probably distinct from the other sources of biotype D resistance because of its recessive nature. The above resistance sources plus others, were tested to biotypes B, C, D, and L in the greenhouse. ELS 6404-160-5 and Oued-Zenati 368 had good resistance to all biotypes. Giorgio 331 and Gerardo 592 both reacted very similar to the H5 types. Marquillo had fair resistance to all four biotypes even though it is sensitive to high greenhouse temperatures. PI 94 587 durum was 100% resistant to all biotypes. The above resistance sources plus others were tested to biotype D at 17 C, 20 C, and 24 C. A threshold effect was observed for the H5 gene being 100% resistant at 20 C, and 100% susceptible at 24 C. The Marquillo gene reacted similarly only between 17 C and 20 C. The H9, H13 and either the H14 or H15 confer good resistance at 24 C.
Degree
Ph.D.
Subject Area
Genetics
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