INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG WHEAT GENES H3, H5, H6, H9, H10 AND H11 FOR RESISTANCE TO HESSIAN FLY
Abstract
Interrelationships among genes H(,3), H(,5), H(,6), H(,9), H(,10) and H(,11) that confer resistance in wheat (Triticum sp.) to Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor (Say)) were determined. Two other genes, yet unnamed, one that confers resistance to biotype D Hessian fly and one to biotype B are speculated to exist. Resistant wheat PI 94587 (Triticum turgidum L. durum group) has two dominant independent genes that confer resistance to biotype D Hessian fly at 20 C. One of these genes was transferred from PI 94587 wheat to Purdue common soft red winter wheat selections 916, 920 and 941. The transferred gene was shown to be linked 4.396 (+OR-) 1.775 map units from the H(,5) gene in Abe wheat by testcross plant progeny analysis and was designated H(,11). The response to biotype D of Hessian fly of wheat plants either heterozygous or homozygous for H(,5) or H(,11) was investigated at 20 (+OR-) 2 C and 24 (+OR-) 2 C. Variables observed were percent susceptible wheat plants and mean number and mean length of live larvae present on resistant or susceptible plants. No differences were detected between the action of H(,5) and action of the H(,11) gene for any of these variables. H(,11) may be a duplication of H(,5) but not located adjacent to it. In addition to the two independent genes found in PI 94587 durum wheat that confer resistance to biotype D Hessian fly, a fourth gene independent of H(,6) was detected that confers resistance to biotype B of Hessian fly. Elva wheat (Triticum turgidum L. durum group) possesses two independent dominant genes that confer resistance to biotype D of Hessian fly at 20 (+OR-) 2 C. One gene is H(,9) and the other is the newly designated H(,10). Wheat selection 822-34 posseses the H(,9)H(,9) gene pair and selections 812-24 and 817-2 possess both the H(,9)H(,9) and H(,10)H(,10) gene pairs. We separated H(,9) and H(,10) in wheat selection 812-24. Selfed lines from wheat selection 817-1, sister line of 817-2, were analyzed for presence of H(,9)H(,9) or H(,10)H(,10). Crosses were made between selection 822-34 (H(,9)H(,9)) and selections 812-24 and 817-1 (H(,10)H(,10)). In F(,2) plant progeny analysis, H(,9) and H(,10) appeared independent. Carlson et al. (1978) observed H(,9) and H(,10) linked 36 maps units apart in wheat selections 812-24 and 817-2. The observed reduction in crossing over between H(,9) and H(,10) is thought to be due to a reduction in pairing at meiosis of chromosomes 5A in cultivar Arthur and 5A in wheat selections 812-24 and 817-2 used in his experiments. The H(,9) locus in common wheat selection 822-34 was found linked 2.02 (+OR-) 2.01 map units from the H(,6) locus in wheat selection 65256A1-8-7 (cultivar Caldwell). The gene sequence on chromosome 5A of wheat appears to be H(,3) - H(,6) - H(,9).
Degree
Ph.D.
Subject Area
Agronomy
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