HETEROGENEOUS NITRATION OF BENZENE
Abstract
The two-phase nitration of benzene was studied in a continuous flow stirred tank reactor of 50 cc capacity. The reactor was fully baffled, and good mixing was provided by a turbine impeller turning at 3000 rpm. Mixed acids consisting of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and water were used for nitrating. Nitric acid concentrations ranged from 10 to 20 mole percent while sulfuric acid concentrations ranged from 15 to 20 mole percent. At the temperatures (15°C to 55°C) and acid concentrations used, only mononitration occurred. Five factors were examined at two levels in a set of statistically designed experiments: 1. Residence time 2. Volume fraction acid phase in emulsion 3. Benzene concentration 4. Sulfuric acid concentration 5. Nitric acid concentration. The residence times were 3 and 6 minutes. The volume fraction acid phase was examined at 0*33 and 0.66 liter acid/liter emulsion so that both organic continuous and acid continuous emulsions were studied.
Degree
Ph.D.
Subject Area
Chemical engineering
Off-Campus Purdue Users:
To access this dissertation, please log in to our
proxy server.