Evaluating Energy Utilization in Some Selected Non-Conventional Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens and Pigs

Opeadura Timileyin Osunbami, Purdue University

Abstract

The objective of this thesis was to evaluate energy utilization in some selected nonconventional feed ingredient for broiler chickens and pigs. Three studies were carried out to evaluate this objective. All studies employed the randomized complete block design with 8 replicates. Study 1 evaluated the ileal digestible energy (IDE), metabolizable energy (ME) and nitrogen-corrected ME (MEn) of 2 feed ingredients which included dry fat (DF) and stabilized rice bran (SRB) with broiler chickens using the regression method in 2 experiments. Chickens were fed a common broiler chicken starter diet from d 0 to 17 and experimental diets from d 17 to 22 post hatching. Three diets were prepared: a corn-soybean meal reference diet (RD) and two test diets containing either DF at 50 or 100 g/kg replacement in experiment (Exp.) 1 or SRB at 100 or 200 g/kg replacement (Exp. 2) of the energy-contributing ingredients in the RD. In each Exp., 192 chickens were randomly allocated to one of three dietary treatments. In Exp.1, the IDE, ME, and MEn linearly increased (P<0.001) as DF concentrations increased, while in Experiment 2, the IDE, ME, and MEn of the diets were not affected by dietary supplemental SRB. The regression-derived IDE concentration for DF and SRB were 6,047 and 3,556 kcal/kg DM, respectively. The respective ME and MEn estimates (kcal/kg DM) were 6,051 and 5,922 for DF; 3,437 and 3,193 for SRB. The results from this study showed that broiler chickens utilized between 77 to 79% and 68 to 76% of the gross energy (GE) in DF and SRB, respectively, and this suggested a strong potential for these ingredients as dietary energy sources for broiler chickens. In Study 2, three experiments were conducted to evaluate the IDE, ME, and MEn of hydrolyzed feather meal (HFM) and flash-dried poultry protein (FDPP) with broiler chickens and to determine the digestible energy (DE) and ME of HFM and FDPP for pigs. The HFM or FDPP were incorporated into a reference diet either at 3 levels (0, 75, or 150 g/kg) in Exp. 1 and 2, or 2 levels (0 or 150 g/kg) in Exp. 3 by replacing the energy-yielding ingredients. In Exp. 1, the inclusion of HFM, linearly decreased (P < 0.05) the nitrogen corrected metabolizability although, the ME concentration in the diets were linearly increased (P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, a linear decrease was observed on the ileal digestibility of DM and energy (P < 0.05). It was also observed that the total tract retention (TTR) of DM and energy linearly increased (P < 0.05). Similarly, the ME and MEn concentration linearly increased with a P-value of < 0.001 and < 0.01, respectively. In Exp. 3, the dietary treatments significantly increased (P < 0.05) the fecal energy loss. Diet substituted with HFM had significantly higher (P< 0.001) urinary GE loss than the RD. The TTR of GE in the RD was significantly higher than those in the test diet containing 150 g/kg of HFM. The respective IDE, ME, and MEn evaluated for HFM in the current study were 4,509, 4,250, and 3745 kcal/kg DM with corresponding values of 3,221, 4,710, and 4,081 kcal/kg DM for FDPP when fed to broiler chickens. In pigs, the respective DE and ME evaluated for HFM were 4,783 and 4,405 kcal/kg DM while estimates for FDPP were 4,553 and 4,320 kcal/kg DM, respectively.

Degree

M.Sc.

Advisors

Adeola, Purdue University.

Subject Area

Physiology|Animal sciences|Energy|Nutrition

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