Relationship Between Digestibility Index Marker and Dietary Characteristics in the Determination of Energy and Nutrient Utilization for Pigs and Broiler Chickens

Tingting Wang, Purdue University

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of type and level of digestibility index marker (DIM) and dietary characteristics including dietary fiber type, dietary protein sources, and inclusion of xylanase in pigs and broiler chickens. An experiment was conducted to investigate if (i) the apparent digestibility of gross energy (GE) and nitrogen (N) were influenced by the type of DIM and dietary fiber; (ii) the concentration pattern of DIM was influenced by dietary fiber, ileal digesta collection day (Day), and time period (TP). Eighteen barrows (initial BW = 24.2 ± 0.3 kg) fitted with a T-cannula at the end of the ileum were used in a 2-period study. Three corn-soybean meal-based diets were formulated with corn starch, corn bran or oat bran at 100 g/kg. Acid insoluble ash (AIA), chromic oxide (Cr2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were included as DIM in each diet. Each period consisted of a 7-d adjustment period followed by a 3-d total fecal collection period and a 3-d ileal digesta collection period, where ileal digesta was collected every 3 h between 09:00 to 21:00 h with 4 TP on each of the 3 day. The DIM had similar effect on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of GE and N within each diet, but different effects among the 3 diets. However, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE or N of corn starch and the ATTD of N of corn bran determined by the 3 DIM were not different. The recovery of TiO2 in feces of pigs fed the oat bran was 78.3%, which was the least among the 3 diets (P < 0.05). The distribution of Cr concentration in ileal digesta of pigs fed cornstarch, corn bran, and oat bran was similar to that of Ti and AIA irrespective of TP. In conclusion, the AID of GE or N was more influenced by the choice of DIM compared with ATTD; the recovery of TiO2 in pigs fed oat bran was less than corn starch or corn bran; the Day had limited effect on DIM concentration; and the three DIM moved synchronously in diets irrespective of TP. Another study was conducted to investigate if the AID of GE or N was influenced by inclusion level and type of DIM and inclusion level of OB, and if the ATTD of GE or DIM recovery was influenced by the three aforementioned factors and duration of feces collection. Six diets were formulated as a 2  3 factorial arrangement with two levels of OB (0 or 100 g/kg) and three levels of DIM (2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 g/kg). Both Cr2O3 and TiO2 were added to the same diet as DIM and their inclusion levels were consistent in each experimental diet. In Exp. 1, eighteen barrows (initial BW = 24.2 ± 0.3 kg) fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were used in a triplicate 6 × 2 incomplete Latin Square design with 6 dietary treatments and 2 periods. The ileal digesta were collected for 3 d after 5-d adaptation.

Degree

Ph.D.

Advisors

Adeola, Purdue University.

Subject Area

Energy|Physiology|Agronomy|Animal sciences

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