Metallurgical Studies in the Sub-Microscopic Range
Abstract
The satisfactory preparation and removal of replicas from the surface of metals has been the greatest problem thus far encountered in electron microscopy. The methods so far described by various authors have not been given in sufficient detail nor in a simple form. The formvar replica removal process described by Shaefer and Barker of the General Electric Company does not offer a simple yet effective method of getting a high percentage of removals from metal surfaces. However, if in addition to their procedure an extra step is included, the results are very good with a high percentage of removals from the metal surface. This extra step is the use of ethylene dichloride to swab the metal surface prior to the application of the formvar. The use of the shadow casting process for evaporating some metal such as chromium, manganese, or gold obliquely on the formvar film adds greatly to the contrast and clearness. Within this report will be included a number of good and poor micrographs of metal surfaces that were obtained with the variation of the formvar process of replica removal Poor reproductions are included for the purpose of illustrating difficulties encountered and as an aid in diagnosing troubles which may be encountered by later investigators.
Degree
Ph.D.
Subject Area
Chemical engineering
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