Published in:
Physical Review A 71,1 (2005) 013602;
Link to original published article:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.013602
Abstract
In a uniform ring-shaped one-dimensional superfluid, quantum fluctuations that unwind the order parameter need to transfer momentum to quasiparticles (phonons). We present a detailed calculation of the leading exponential factor governing the rate of such phonon-assisted tunneling in a weakly coupled Bose gas at a low temperature T. We also estimate the preexponent. We find that for small superfluid velocities the T dependence of the rate is given mainly by exp(-c(s)P/2T), where P is the momentum transfer and c(s) is the phonon speed. At low T, this represents a strong suppression of the rate compared to the nonuniform case. As a part of our calculation, we identify a complex instanton whose analytical continuation to suitable real-time segments is real and describes formation and decay of coherent quasiparticle states with nonzero total momenta.
Keywords
energy electroweak interactions;; interacting bose-gas;; magnus force;; false vacuum;; vortex;; flow;; superconductors;; fluctuations;; phase;; fate
Date of this Version
January 2005